Lido Staked Ether (STETH) là gì?

Lido Staked Ether (STETH) la mot token tien ma ban nhan duoc khi "stake" Ethereum (ETH) cua minh thong qua dich vu ten la Lido. Staking co nghia la khoa ETH lai de giup van hanh va bao mat mang luoi Ethereum, va doi lai ban nhan duoc phan thuong. Thuong thi ETH da stake bi dong cung va khong the su dung, nhung Lido cap cho ban STETH nhu mot bien lai chung minh ban so huu ETH da stake do cung voi phan thuong dang tang dan, va ban co the tu do chuyen, ban hoac su dung STETH trong khi ETH thuc cua ban van tiep tuc sinh loi trong nen.

Lido Staked Ether (STETH) la gi theo cach hieu don gian?

Hay tuong tuong ban gui tiet kiem vao mot ngan hang. Tien sinh lai nhung bi khoa. Bay gio hay tuong tuong ngan hang dua cho ban mot to phieu dac biet ghi rang "ban so huu tai khoan tiet kiem nay cung toan bo lai suat tuong lai cua no." Ban co the mang to phieu ay ben minh, doi voi ban be, hoac dung lam tai san the chap vay von, tat ca trong khi khoan tiet kiem goc van tiep tuc tang. To phieu do chinh xac la STETH.

Khi ban gui ETH cho Lido, Lido se stake ETH tren mang Ethereum thay ban. Doi lai, no duc (tao ra) mot luong STETH tuong duong va gui vao vi cua ban. STETH viet tat cua "staked ETH." Day la mot token stake thanh khoan — "thanh khoan" vi khac voi ETH stake thong thuong, ban co the su dung hoac chuyen no bat cu luc nao. Moi STETH dai dien cho mot ETH da stake, va so du se tang dan khi phan thuong staking den.

STETH giai quyet van de gi?

De hieu STETH, truoc tien ban can biet Ethereum hoat dong nhu the nao. Ethereum la mot may tinh chung khong lo ma bat ki ai cung co the su dung, va duoc bao mat bang co che staking. Moi nguoi khoa ETH de tro thanh "validator" (may tinh kiem tra va xac nhan giao dich). Doi lai, mang luoi tra thuong cho ho. Dieu nay giu cho Ethereum trung thuc va an toan.

Nhung tu minh stake la viec kho doi voi nguoi binh thuong. Day la ly do:

• Ban can mot luong lon 32 ETH de chay validator rieng — mot so tien lon voi phan lon moi nguoi.
• Ban phai chay phan mem dac biet tren may tinh hoat dong 24/7, neu khong se bi phat.
• ETH da stake bi khoa, nen ban khong the su dung cho bat cu viec gi khac trong thoi gian stake.

Lido giai quyet ca ba van de. Ban co the stake bat ky so luong nao, du chi la mot phan nho cua mot ETH. Ban khong can chay may tinh hay phan mem nao. Va ban nhan lai STETH, nen gia tri cua ban khong bao gio bi khoa that su — ban van linh hoat. Day chinh la toan bo y nghia cua STETH crypto: giup staking de dang, phai chang va thanh khoan cho tat ca moi nguoi.

STETH hoat dong nhu the nao?

Lido la mot giao thuc (tap hop cac quy tac tu dong duoc viet bang ma may tinh, goi la hop dong thong minh) ton tai tren blockchain Ethereum. Blockchain giong nhu mot cuon so ghi chep chung ma ai cung co the doc nhung khong ai co the bi mat xoa hoac sua doi. Day la hanh trinh tung buoc cua tien ban:

• Ban nap ETH vao hop dong thong minh cua Lido.
• Lido lien tuc tra lai cho ban cung mot luong STETH.
• Phia sau, Lido gop ETH cua ban voi cac khoan gui cua hang nghin nguoi khac va giao cho mot nhom validator chuyen nghiep, da duoc kiem tra ky luong de thuc hien cong viec stake thuc te.
• Mang luoi tra phan thuong staking moi ngay. Lido thu nhap chung va cong vao cho nguoi nam giu STETH.

Phan thong minh chinh la cach phan thuong den voi ban. STETH la mot token rebasing, nghia la so luong STETH trong vi cua ban tu dong tang nhe moi ngay de phan anh thu nhap cua ban. Ban khong can yeu cau bat cu thu gi hay nhan nut nao. Neu hom nay ban co 10 STETH, ngay mai ban co the thay hoi nhieu hon 10 ma khong can thuc hien hanh dong nao. Giong nhu nhin tiet kiem tu tang len mot minh.

STETH duoc dung de lam gi?

STETH nhieu hon nhieu so voi mot bien lai don gian. Vi la thanh khoan, moi nguoi dua no vao lam viec khap noi trong the gioi tai chinh phi tap trung (DeFi) — cac dich vu tai chinh chay bang ma may tinh thay vi ngan hang. Cac cach su dung pho bien bao gom:

• Kiem phan thuong tho dong chi don gian bang cach nam giu, vi so du tu dong tang.
• Cho vay tren cac nen tang DeFi de kiem them loi suat ngoai phan thuong staking.
• Dung lam tai san the chap de vay cac dong tien ma khac, tuong tu nhu cam nha vay von.
• Giao dich tren san, hoac doi tro lai ETH khi can.

Kha nang "lam hai viec" nay — vua kiem phan thuong staking vua co the su dung trong DeFi cung luc — la ly do STETH tro thanh mot trong nhung token duoc su dung rong rai nhat trong toan bo the gioi crypto, va ly do no chen chan trong top dau thi truong o vi tri thu 10.

Ai da tao ra STETH va khi nao?

STETH duoc tao ra boi Lido, mot du an ra mat vao thang 12 nam 2020, dung vao thoi diem Ethereum lan dau tien mo ra co hoi staking. Lido duoc khoi xung boi mot nhom cac nha phat trien va cong ty crypto muon giup viec staking tro nen don gian cho nguoi binh thuong.

Dang chu y la Lido duoc van hanh nhu mot DAO (To chuc Tu tri Phi tap trung), ve co ban la mot to chuc do cong dong quan ly. Cac quyet dinh ve cach Lido hoat dong duoc bo phieu boi nguoi nam giu mot token rieng bien goi la LDO. Dieu nay co nghia la khong co mot ong chu don le nao kiem soat no — cong dong cung nhau cheo lai thuyen. (Luu y: LDO la token quan tri va khac voi STETH, token staking duoc mo ta o day.)

Dieu gi lam STETH khac biet?

Co nhung cach khac de stake ETH, va thu chi co cac token stake thanh khoan khac, nhung STETH noi bat vi mot so ly do:

• No lon nhat. Lido la nha cung cap staking thanh khoan lon nhat, nen STETH duoc chap nhan rong rai nhat va de su dung nhat trong DeFi.
• No rebasing. Phan thuong cua ban tu dong hien thi thanh nhieu token hon, dieu ma nhieu nguoi thay don gian hon cac thiet ke khac.
• No duoc tich hop sau. Hang tram ung dung, san giao dich va nen tang cho vay chap nhan STETH, giup no rat linh hoat.

Ban cung co the nghe ve wstETH ("wrapped staked ETH"). Day chi la mot phien ban cua STETH ma so du giu nguyen nhung tang gia tri thay the. Mot so ung dung thich no hon vi de xu ly hon trong ma cua ho. No dai dien cho cung mot ETH da stake co ban.

Lam the nao de mua va luu tru STETH?

Co hai cach chinh de co STETH. Cach dau tien la stake ETH truc tiep thong qua ung dung chinh thuc cua Lido, ung dung se duc STETH moi thang vao vi cua ban. Cach thu hai la mua STETH tren san giao dich crypto hoac san phi tap trung, giong nhu mua bat ky token nao khac.

De luu tru, ban can mot vi crypto ho tro token Ethereum — co the la vi phan mem (ung dung tren dien thoai hoac trinh duyet) hoac vi cung (thiet bi vat ly nho, lua chon an toan nhat cho so luong lon). Nguoi nam giu khoa rieng tu bi mat cua vi (mot mat khau bi mat dai) se kiem soat STETH, nen hay bao quan no can than va khong bao gio chia se voi ai.

STETH co an toan khong? Nhung rui ro can biet

STETH duoc tin tuong rong rai, nhung khong co dong tien ma nao la khong co rui ro. Hay luu y nhung diem nay truoc khi tham gia:

• Rui ro hop dong thong minh: STETH phu thuoc vao ma may tinh. Neu mot loi duoc phat hien, quy co the bi rui ro, du ma Lido da duoc kiem toan ky luong (xem xet boi cac chuyen gia bao mat).
• Dao dong gia ("chot neo"): Mot STETH duoc ky vong tri gia khoang mot ETH, nhung trong nhung thoi diem thi truong cang thang, gia giao dich co the giam nhe xuong duoi ETH truoc khi phuc hoi.
• Rui ro validator va slashing: Neu cac validator hanh xu sai hoac ngung hoat dong, mang luoi co the ap dung mot khoan phat nho ("slashing"), co the lam giam phan thuong.
• Rui ro thi truong chung: Vi STETH theo doi ETH, gia tri cua no tang giam theo gia Ethereum.

Nhu moi thu trong crypto, hay luon tu nghien cuu va khong bao gio dau tu nhieu hon so luong ban co the chiu dung thua lo. Bai viet nay mang tinh giao duc va khong phai tu van tai chinh.

Cac cau hoi thuong gap ve STETH

STETH co giong ETH khong?

Khong, nhung chung co lien he chat che. STETH dai dien cho mot ETH da stake cong them phan thuong cua no, va duoc thiet ke de giu gia tri gan bang ETH. Ban co the hieu STETH nhu mot phien ban sinh loi cua ETH, van co the chuyen va su dung tu do trong khi kiem phan thuong.

Lam the nao de kiem phan thuong voi STETH?

Chi can nam giu. STETH tu dong tang trong vi cua ban moi ngay khi phan thuong staking Ethereum den, khong can nhan nut hay yeu cau bat cu thu gi. Ban co the kiem nhieu hon bang cach dua STETH vao hoat dong trong cac ung dung DeFi, du rang dieu do them rui ro.

Toi co the doi STETH tro lai ETH khong?

Co. Ban co the rut ETH da stake thong qua quy trinh rut chinh thuc cua Lido, hoac swap STETH lay ETH tren san giao dich. Con duong giao dich thuong nhanh hon, trong khi rut chinh thuc mua lai ETH co ban truc tiep.

Tai sao STETH duoc xep hang cao nhu vay?

STETH chen chan trong top dau thi truong (hien tai hang thu 10) vi rat nhieu nguoi stake ETH qua Lido va vi STETH duoc su dung khap noi trong DeFi. Nguon cung khong lo va tinh huu dung rong rai mang lai cho no mot trong nhung gia tri von hoa thi truong lon nhat trong toan bo the gioi crypto.